Introduction. China is the world's largest steel producer, with the China Iron and Steel Association estimating that the country's crude steel production in 2022 will be 935 million tonnes [Citation 1].Steel slag mainly refers to the blast furnace slag and converter slag produced in the process of iron making and steel making, and with the increase of steel production, the …

Granulated blast furnace slag powder means that the molten slag is extremely cooled with water and then ground into powder (Chao et al., 2010). It is mainly composed of calcium aluminosilicate and can quickly generate strength under the action of alkali activator. ... In the process of activation, some bubbles will be merged or even formed ...

The importance of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) lies in its greener way to become a substitute in concrete material. ... This process optimizes the cementitious properties and produces granules like …

Granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is a glassy calcium-aluminum silicate coproduct with latent hydration activity produced during the blast furnace ironmaking process [21]. When the GBFS is in contact with water, a layer of calcium-deficient aluminosilicate protective film would be formed rapidly on the surface, and only a small amount of ...

Manufacture Process of Blast Furnace Slag Cement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is a byproduct generated during the extraction of iron from its ore through the blast furnace process. The slag obtained from the iron ore is separated and gradually cooled. The result is a nonreactive crystalline material.

on slag properties, thereby presenting basic data for reducing cracks in blast furnace slag concrete to overcome the limitation of early strength degradation. Basic characteristics experiment

Metallurgical solid waste produced in the iron and steel industry and cement clinker has the same chemical compositions such as C 2 S, C 3 A and C 4 AF. By using granulated blast furnace slag and steel slag as admixtures, a series of concrete with different excellent properties such as high strength, low heat release, and strong chlorine fixation was developed [[1], [2], [3]].

Slag, as shown in Fig. 1, is the 16th ingredient of high-performance concrete production [22], called supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) [23], that can enhance the strength and durability of concrete [2].The highly fine slag powder, with a surface area of 400–600 m 2 /kg and a bulk density of 1200 kg/m 3, can be mixed with free lime to replace 40% to 65% …

The majority of granulated blast furnace slag is produced using wet granulation systems. In a three-stage process, the liquid slag is initially rapidly cooled with an excess of water. The resulting amorphous granulate, which is in the millimetre range, is then dried and subsequently comminuted by grinding for its further processing in cement.

The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of utilization of grinding aids (GA) in the granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) powder production. The GBFS powders were prepared with different GA, and their grindabilities, fluidities, reactivities and hydration characteristics were investigated. The experimental results indicate that although the …

The slag discharged in the process of blast furnace ironmaking, ... it is a high-quality cement raw material. In China, more than 80% of blast furnace slag is made into granulated slag every year as cement mixing material. About …

The accumulation of steel slag and other industrial solid wastes has caused serious environmental pollution and resource waste, and the resource utilization of steel slag is imminent. In this paper, alkali-activated ultra-high-performance concrete (AAM-UHPC) was prepared by replacing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) powder with different …

Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) is a potential hydraulic material that contributes to particle gradation. ... The ultra-fine grinding process contributes directly to the accumulation of an alarmingly large volume of ultra-fine GGBS (UFS) ... Lim investigated the strength properties of the slag powder on high-strength concrete ...

Blast Furnace Slag Cement (BFSC) is a specialized type of cement known for its unique composition and performance characteristics. It is produced by blending ground granulated blast furnace slag with Portland …

Cement & Concrete Composites Mechanical Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete Containing High Volumes of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, 32 (2010), pp. 639-648, 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.005

Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a byproduct generated during the ironmaking process in a blast furnace. It mainly consists of silicates and aluminosilicates, with a high content of amorphous structure. BFS is commonly used in the cement and construction industries [1], [2]. However, high-quality BFS is in short supply because of the great demand in ...

Steel slag micronized powder, granulated blast furnace slag, and cement were used as cementitious materials to prepare a ed lightweight soil for roadbed filling to reduce the settlement and additional stress of the …

In this paper, the water quenching and dry granulation processes were discussed in detail.

Replacement of cement by solid wastes is an effective method to utilize secondary resources and reduce CO 2 emissions. In this study, copper slag (CS) and granulated blast …

Blast furnace slag (BFS) which is defined "as the non-metallic product consisting essentially of silicates and alumina silicates of calcium and other bases, that is developed in a molten condition simultaneously with iron in a blast furnace" by ASTM C 125-16 (2016) has been widely used in construction industry for more than 80 years. When the mixture of iron-ore, …

Request PDF | Particle characteristics and hydration activity of ground granulated blast furnace slag powder containing industrial crude glycerol-based grinding aids | This paper investigates the ...

Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBFS) powder is a fine white powder used in concrete. Slag is produced in iron and steel manufacturing process as a by-product. Molten slag is extracted from iron ore at elevated temperature (approximately around 1 500ºC) and rapidly water quenched to obtain reactive granular slag particles.

Ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a byproduct of the blast furnace iron producing process . It is a fine powder produced by quenching molten slag from furnaces with water, resulting in rapid cooling and granulation. Its use is in line with sustainable construction practices, and it provides both financial and environmental benefits

Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), sometimes simply referred to as "slag", is a glassy granular material formed when molten blast-furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by …

Alkali-activated materials are low-environmental-impact binders that can be obtained from the alkaline activation of industrial wastes. In this study, converter steel slag as the major raw material and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) as the modified material were activated by water glass with a modulus of 1.5 and a Na2O dosage of 4%. The hydration …

Investigations were carried out on the suitability of granulated blast furnace slag as a mold material for either full or partial replacement of existing silica sand in the foundry industry. The sodium silicate-CO2 process was adopted for evaluating the same. A series of sand tests were performed on silica sand and slag individually and in combination. Three types of …

The goal of the current study is to determine the dissolving effect of slag in water. Five percentage values of slag were taken up for the study: 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. The study is based on two methods of mixing. The first method is the traditional mixing process, which involves addition of slag directly with other concrete proportions such as cement, sand, water, …

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a Cement Replacement ... first method is the traditional mixing process, which involves addition of slag directly with other concrete pro-portions such as cement, sand, water, coarse aggregate, and ... improvised results with the use of glass powder [27] and

Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) is a byproduct of making iron and steel, i.e., a fine powder grounded from the glassy, granular material that forms when molten iron blast furnace slag is air quenched with water or steam.

It is obtained by rapidly quenching molten slag from the blast furnace with water or steam, which results in the formation of glassy granules. These granules are then ground into a fine powder, which is GGBFS. GGBFS contains various …